雅思聽力，這些備考方法帶你！

今天小曼老師和大家分享如何精準(zhǔn)抓住雅思聽力重點(diǎn)，這些備考方法帶你！并附有雅思聽力考試的常見場(chǎng)景及詞匯，快來學(xué)習(xí)收藏吧~起步階段

起步階段即所謂的“打基礎(chǔ)”階段。具體來說，起步階段的備考內(nèi)容包括兩項(xiàng)：①熟悉聽力錄音的發(fā)音特點(diǎn) ②記單詞1熟悉聽力錄音的發(fā)音特點(diǎn) 考生在這一階段應(yīng)熟悉雅思聽力部分考查的多種題型和把握聽力錄音的發(fā)音特點(diǎn)。針對(duì)題型大致分為以下幾類：1. 完成填表/記筆記/流程圖/總結(jié)2. 選擇題3. 填空題4. 完成句子5. 為圖表、計(jì)劃或地圖進(jìn)行標(biāo)記6. 分類7. 配對(duì)很多考生在聽雅思聽力時(shí)存在一個(gè)明顯問題：熟悉錄音中的一些發(fā)音，但由于錄音中說話人的語速較快，就是反應(yīng)不出相應(yīng)的詞匯，回頭參考錄音材料時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些沒反應(yīng)出來的詞匯其實(shí)都是自己熟悉的常見詞匯。因此，建議考生在起步階段就開始泛聽地道的英語，包括英語廣播（推薦BBC）或經(jīng)典的英文原版電影，體會(huì)一下純正的“英音”，同時(shí)也熟悉外國(guó)人的說話方式。 2記單詞雅思考試的主旨在于考查考生是否具備在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)和生活的能力。因此，其考查的詞匯主要包括兩類：學(xué)術(shù)英語(academic language)和生存英語(survival language)。 例如：校內(nèi)英語?？紙D書館(library)場(chǎng)景。在這一場(chǎng)景中，考生要知道如何查找書刊，如期刊(periodical)、雜志(journal)、小說(fiction)等；了解借書規(guī)則，包括借期(loan period)、續(xù)借(renew)、延期(extension)等；還要熟悉常用設(shè)備的使用，包括復(fù)印機(jī)(photocopying facilities)、打印機(jī)(printer)、掃描儀(scanning machine)等?？忌鷳?yīng)擺脫以字母順序來背單詞的習(xí)慣，而是按照其涉及場(chǎng)景的不同來分類記憶。加速階段

加速階段是考生備考較重要的階段。這一階段的主要任務(wù)可歸納：養(yǎng)成良好的做題習(xí)慣、掌握做題關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)、掌握發(fā)音和讀法。 1養(yǎng)成良好的做題習(xí)慣聆聽前：學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)覽。仔細(xì)閱讀題目指示，看清字?jǐn)?shù)限制，注意看例句;要充分利用空余時(shí)間瀏覽試題，抓住其中的一些關(guān)鍵之處，如核心詞，限定詞等;根據(jù)題干的信息預(yù)測(cè)答案，包括預(yù)測(cè)答案的形式，詞性和內(nèi)容等。聆聽中：學(xué)會(huì)辯聽，聽力中留意話題的轉(zhuǎn)換，尤其注意各種聯(lián)系詞的運(yùn)用，通過這些詞來幫助我們鎖定答案，同時(shí)注意錄音中的各種特殊語音現(xiàn)象，如語速突然放慢，重讀等;用簡(jiǎn)寫方法記錄有用詞匯和答案。聆聽后：確定答案清晰明了，能讓人看明白;檢查單詞的拼寫和形式，以及語法是否正確;在沒聽懂時(shí)可以根據(jù)常識(shí)合理地推測(cè)答案。 2掌握做題關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)雅思考試聽力部分通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)有關(guān)數(shù)字的題目。這些數(shù)字涉及的場(chǎng)景比較廣泛，基本上是以價(jià)格、時(shí)間、日期、號(hào)碼等形式出現(xiàn)的。這些數(shù)字看似簡(jiǎn)單，但若想對(duì)各種數(shù)字形式形成一定的敏感度，并在考場(chǎng)上快速反應(yīng)出來，考生還需要在考前進(jìn)行一定時(shí)間的專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練。例如：1.寫時(shí)間時(shí)候要注意a.m. 和p.m.2.貨幣數(shù)目要寫貨幣符號(hào)星期和月份不可以使用縮寫注意大小寫和單復(fù)數(shù)......3發(fā)音就雅思聽力考試中的數(shù)字來說，一個(gè)干擾性比較大的問題是發(fā)音，例如：后綴-teen和-ty發(fā)音的辨別。聽力中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)“十幾”和“幾十”，其實(shí)就是對(duì)后綴-teen和-ty的辨音。前者是長(zhǎng)音，且鼻音明顯，后者是短音，且無鼻音。每次練習(xí)或考試時(shí)總會(huì)有考生出現(xiàn)誤聽，所以要多加留意。4讀法除了關(guān)注數(shù)字的發(fā)音，考生還要熟悉數(shù)字的讀法，尤其是電話號(hào)碼中數(shù)字的讀法。在雅思備考指南中要了解一些常識(shí)性的規(guī)則，比如國(guó)家代號(hào)、地區(qū)代號(hào)和具體號(hào)碼通常都是分組來讀的，或三位一讀，或四位一讀。這樣既方便說話人準(zhǔn)確讀出號(hào)碼，也有利于聽者進(jìn)行記錄。考生要了解這一數(shù)字讀法，以便在聽到時(shí)快速反應(yīng)并記錄下來。沖刺階段

到了沖刺階段，主要任務(wù)就是利用真題進(jìn)行模擬考試了。 雅思模擬考試時(shí)，需抱著參加真實(shí)考試的心態(tài)，在時(shí)間的安排上要和實(shí)際的考試時(shí)間完全一致。每次模擬考試完畢后，按要求將題目再檢查一遍，在確認(rèn)沒有語法等方面的低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤后再對(duì)答案。 值得注意的是，雅思聽力對(duì)詞匯量的考核并非機(jī)械式堆砌，而是更側(cè)重于對(duì)場(chǎng)景核心詞匯的快速反應(yīng)與邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)能力。今天就為大家總結(jié)下雅思聽力考試的常見場(chǎng)景及詞匯：

shopping

常見場(chǎng)景為對(duì)比幾家商店或者品牌的產(chǎn)品的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)、買或不買某種產(chǎn)品。Price: discount, concession, promotion, sales, half price, normal price, 30% offPackaging: economy package, family package, container, image, presentation of productsWhere to buy: supermarket, market, shop, store, department store, chain store, onlineshoppingReceipt: invoice, quality warranty, receiptSupermarket: entrance , end of aisles , quieter places 

library

圖書館是雅思聽力中經(jīng)久不衰的場(chǎng)景之一，大家應(yīng)該把握住圖書館的基本布局和功能、完整的借閱流程。registration: information desk, information sector, librarian desk，registration fee, membership feeID documents: passport, visa, student card, library card, driver’s license, credit card, bank statement, phone bill, Identity card, library card, borrower’s card, reader’s card, electronic card, PIN, passwordBooks: fiction, reference books, technical books, leisure books, notion, academicTechnical Resources: photocopying machine, photocopier, color, white and black photocopier, printer, laser printer, card, coin, internet access, computers, laptopsElectronic, digital: CD, DVD, VCD, videos, tapes, cassettes, CD-ROMCirculation: borrow, loan, return, renew, overdue, fine, reserveLoan time: weeks, months Training classes: research methods, IT, computer software, dissertation writing

social events 

雅思聽力中經(jīng)常會(huì)考到一些社會(huì)事件，比如說會(huì)議、展覽、節(jié)日等。Events: Convention, exhibition, conference, festival, expositionPublicity: website/internet, leaflets, flyers, notice board, posters, advertisements, good for a family, children, adult, senior citizensTransportation: bus, taxi, cab, subway, tube, coach, parking problemsCelebration: parade, dance, chorus, music bandCatering: café, restaurant, pub, cafeteria, canteen, refectory, dining room, refreshments, snacks, takeout, takeaway, set lunch, barbecueSecurity: security entrance, security office, security personnel/staff, fire exit, lockers, Check ID, video surveillance, cameras, crowded

environment

這類單詞肯定是大家感覺到比較專業(yè)和難于掌握的，需要對(duì)發(fā)音和中文意思比較敏感，這樣才會(huì)對(duì)全文的聽力內(nèi)容有一個(gè)較好的把握。atmosphere: Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Ozone, sulphur monoxidepollution: air pollution, acid rain, contaminated water, pollutant, contaminant, chemicals, toxic wasteGeographical: soil erosion, desertification, drought, floods, overfishing, over-felling, deforestationenergy: fossil fuels, coal, gas, petroleum, solar, tide, wind power, nuclear, marsh gas, methane, biogasrecycling: plastic, paper, glass, bottle tops, ink cartridges, spare parts/components

repair 

這個(gè)場(chǎng)景主要是購(gòu)物或者租房子后發(fā)現(xiàn)有一些這樣那樣的問題，物體的型號(hào)、主要的問題、需要什么時(shí)間來修理、有沒有質(zhì)保、替換還是*等都會(huì)是很重要的考點(diǎn)。What to repair: fridge, refrigerator, washing machine, CD player, electric light, clock, bungalow, cooker, rice cooker, printer (shelf), Model type/numberMain problem: leaking, door broken, flashing, hands broken, noisy, fan broken, steam escapingWhen to repair: immediately, straight away, right now, urgent, next week, weekdays, weekends, in a couple of weeks, mornings, afternoons (am pm)Compensation: refund, replacementPayment: cash, cheque, credit card, bank transfer

diet and health 

飲食和健康會(huì)是雅思聽力考試中永恒不變的主題，聽力中關(guān)于一些疾病的原因和治療也都跟此有著密切的聯(lián)系。Food intake/elements: protein, vitamins, fat, carbohydrates, fat acid, calcium, cholesterol, minerals, calorie, kilocaloriediet: cereals, sugar, salt, lean meat, eggs, fish, milk, vegetables, fruit, red meat, white meatcereals: wheat, corn, barley, oat, maize, ricehealth: low nutrition, malnutrition, overweight, obese, underweight, intelligence, eyesight, brain, learning difficulty, digestion, congestion, heart disease,Physical exercises: running, jogging, swimming

medicine 

這個(gè)場(chǎng)景重點(diǎn)要明確各種關(guān)于醫(yī)生、治療、疾病、藥物、手術(shù)、醫(yī)院的英文表達(dá)方式，以及弄清楚醫(yī)療體系和看病流程。doctors: physician, surgeon, dentist, veterinarian, pediatrician, therapist, general practitionertreatments: cure, remedy, therapy, acupuncture,diseases: headache, toothache, backache (back pain), stomachache, heart disease, pneumonia, tuberculosis, diabetes, insomnia, asthma, employment medical, sprain, sports injury, sprained kneemedicine: antibiotics, penicillin, aspirin, sleeping pills (tablets), painkillers, dose, underdose, overdose, ice pack, walking stickssurgery: operationhospital: clinics, ward, maternity, emergency, surgery, practice

 job hunting

以下雅思找工作場(chǎng)景中經(jīng)?？疾榈募?xì)節(jié)點(diǎn)，大家要注意哦！Type of work: vacation jobs, office work, bar attendant, waiter, waitress, zoo attendant, childcare, library assistant, restaurant work, shop assistant, sales assistant, domestic work, reporter, carpenter, freelance, part-time job, full-time job, temporary jobMain roles: receptionist, shop assistant, looking after animals (kangaroo), educate visitors, save wounded/injured animals, maintain website, selling garden tools/carpets, handle customer complaintAdvantages and disadvantages: pay, working hours, workload, flexible, equipment, transportationWorking hours: am pm weekdays (during the week), weekends,bank holidays, public holidays, New year, ChristmasPay rate: pound/dollar per hour, starting salary, wageClothes: formal clothes, suit, informal clothes, casual clothes shirt, trousers, tie, bow tie, uniformTransportation: bus, train, subway, tube, metro, taxi, cab